Ayers/The German Ocean, 1. The Region in 1100

The first four chapters explore the North Sea world chronologically, beginning with an assessment of the North Sea coast, evidence for coastal consolidation and settlement, social organisation and control of settlement, the exploitation of resources, research on populations, urban development and the role of the church. Chapter 1 explores how, by 1100, the North Sea world was well-placed to develop a central role as the powerhouse of northern Europe. Economic needs were key. Archaeological work is now providing evidence of the economic development of coastline communities and their hinterlands at the end of the 11th century. This development was clearly supported by maritime contact even if the impor- tance of that contact was probably not of such intensity that economies were solely dependent upon international trade. Nevertheless, the potential for growth was established and could be built upon. Its impact was profound, growth in the 12th and 13th centuries not only providing much for archaeological enquiry but, as will be seen, creating and enhancing social and economic structures which survive to the present day.